advantages and disadvantages of guernsey cattle

A third breed may be a hard choice or even a big compromise if no third breed interests a particular producer. Some of these problems are probably due to the increase of inbreeding in this breed. Links 1. Rotational crossbreeding plans, particularly with three breeds, can maintain substantial heterosis, but maintaining a rotational crossbreeding program requires careful record keeping and planning. SEE ARTICLE, DOWNLOADS AND LINKS. The Guernsey is of medium size: cows weigh 450 to 500 kg, and bulls 600 to 700 kg. [3]:192, The Guernsey is a dairy breed, and generally is reared for that purpose only. WebGuernsey milk contains 12% more protein, 30% more cream, 33% more vitamin D, 25% more vitamin A and 15% more calcium than average milk. 116-120 . Recording officially and accurately the quantity (kgs) and quality (Butterfat) of milk produced by each cow in every recorded herd. 10 A Highlight on Recently a cheese made entirely from Guernsey milk was awarded the Silver Medal at the Royal Melbourne Show, Australia's most prestigious cheese show. Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Chicken Predators in Kansas: Foxes, Coyotes & Domestic Dogs, Your Path to Abundant Living in Flyover Country. The technical storage or access is strictly necessary for the legitimate purpose of enabling the use of a specific service explicitly requested by the subscriber or user, or for the sole purpose of carrying out the transmission of a communication over an electronic communications network. Drew Conroy, in his book. Producing annually volumes for registered pedigree and grade livestock. Waunyomu Ngeke Ranch PO Box 236-00232 Ruiru The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes. There has been some renewed interest in dairy crossbreeding as it offers some important advantages. For registered pedigree grade cattle, its best to consult the KSB. We know less than we need to know about some of the breeds in Table 1 for these characteristics, but we are learning fast as first crosses of Normande, Montebeliarde, and the Scandinavian breeds appear in U.S. dairy herds. The breed has little or no calving problems, greater fertility, a shorter calving interval, and earlier maturity. Her milk has greater nutritional value, plus the highest yield and greater efficiency when processed into cheese and other value-added products. In contrast to disadvantage, there are a lot of advantages of Brown swiss cattle. But, even with all this information at our fingertips, it can be hard to distinguish what is important and what isnt. Being accustomed to desert condition, it covers vast distances in search of grazing and water and in some areas is only watered on alternate days or on the third day. Food [3]:192[7] The milk also has a high butterfat content of 5% and a high protein content of 3.7%. Farming Press Ltd., 8. One explanation for this high fertility is that the cow has relatively low body weight loss over the suckling period, thereby maintaining a good condition, thus able to conceive again. Only suitable for cool areas with year round quality fodder availability. Inbreeding may be defined as mating of individuals more closely related than the average relationship of the population. Water To increase milk production in zebu cattle: This can be achieved by upgrading the Zebu breed with a proven exotic dairy breed (Jersey, Guernsey, Friesian) upto the fourth generation or the larger and more productive Boran or Sahiwal cow depending on disease pressure in your area. Boran cattle are recognized as being generally quiet, docile and easy to handle. Farms keeping Ayrshire in Kenya (officially registered): 1. Egerton University, PO Box 356, Njoro 3. The breeder can only plan according to the trait observed. 1. How the conflict will be resolved in this breed remains to be seen. Heifers generally come into milk at about two years of age. Poultry The Guernsey is the result of two centuries of continuous breed development and improvement. 8. 9. Butchers in Kenya prefer Borans and their crosses for this reason. Complete identity of crossbred cows offers the important advantages of maintaining genetic evaluations within pure breeds for future sire selection decisions, 4. Friesians and their crossbreeds are predominant in Kenya particularly in Central Kenya and Central Rift Valley. Pets Kisima Farm, PO Box 19- 20107 Njoro Sahiwal bull The Boran has a useful degree of hostresistanceto ticks and it is reported that the breed is 'completely resistant to buffalo fly'. The technical storage or access is required to create user profiles to send advertising, or to track the user on a website or across several websites for similar marketing purposes. This is of great importance since animal breeding usually involves more than one trait. We rely on the support of our members, grants, and donations from the public to raise the $700,000 a year needed to maintain our conservation work with rare breeds of farm animals. 14. Frequent calving in their lifetime, longevity, so need less replacements, They are known for their versatility: they provide high quality milk and high quality lean meat, Susceptible to diseases, susceptible to milk fever, Feed requirements high (90-110 kg fresh forage/day i.e. Also suitable for crossbreeding/ improving local breeds. The original strains of the breed came from Ethiopia and were adopted early in the 20th Century by commercial cattlemen in Laikipia, Machakos and the Rift Valley Districts of Kenya. 15. Three factors represent the main advantages of WFH: (i) work-life balance, (ii) improved work efficiency and (iii) greater work control. 3. Other genes determine whether the udder will be small or large, whether the animal has horns, the size of the body etc. The majority are not practical for most people, but for the dedicated animal breeder combinations can be used depending on the breeding strategy. Jerseys in Kenya are typically light brown in colour, though this can range from being almost grey to dull black. KARI Naivasha, PO Box 25 Naivasha These abilities will be called upon if the Guernsey is to regain its historic place as a leading dairy breed. The Guernsey has been developed over many centuries to become one of the world's leading specialist dairy breeds. It would appear that the Guernsey is currently caught between two conflicting trendsincreasing milk yields to meet the needs of commercial mass production and preserving traditional characteristics to fill the demands of an increasing number of small farms. The Guernsey was the result. Copyright 20132023 All rights reserved. - Live and produce longer. Borans are generally less affected by foot and mouth diseases than exotics and recover faster. 4. One should be aware when crossbreeding that with early generations of crosses, there may be considerable diversity with regard to size, body condition, and other traits, depending on the breeds utilized. [4]:3 Imports of French cattle to Guernsey were forbidden by law in 1819, but some importation of British cattle continued until 1877. Without a subpoena, voluntary compliance on the part of your Internet Service Provider, or additional records from a third party, information stored or retrieved for this purpose alone cannot usually be used to identify you. Good beef conformation for the discerning consumer. That combination can be higher than the breed merit for that trait of the superior breed in the crossbreds makeup. Steel-grey with black points is not uncommon. Most dairy bulls are notoriously aggressive, and the Guernsey bull is no exception. 3. Registering and issuing of certificates for both pedigree and grade livestock. The U.S. Holstein is a large animal with some calving difficulty issues. The technical storage or access is required to create user profiles to send advertising, or to track the user on a website or across several websites for similar marketing purposes. Disadvantages: We can reduce problems with food waste thanks to factory farms. Guernsey reach reproductive maturity at an early age and can calve at 22 months of age. Yields may range from 5-10 litres/dayAverage body size:Large (average live-weight 350-400 kg)Description:Body colour is solid brown, Advantages: The milk has a golden-yellow tinge due to a high content of -carotene, a provitamin for vitamin A. Dogs The world is 9. Fifty-year-old results may no longer be appropriate. Dairy Sci. [4]:4 During that century large numbers of cattle were exported from the Channel Islands to England; some of them had previously been brought from France. The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes. Disadvantages: Thus the length of ear in sheep is the expression of the genes that regulate ear length. Such rapid turnover in sires serves also to reduce the length of the generation interval in breeding programs. 96% of Guernsey cows carry the Record the sire and dam of crossbred calves at birth just as has been recommended for years for purebred calves. Advantages: Fruit Some of the advantages of primary research are: More up to date. At first, these cattle mainly found homes in the New England area, but their golden milk caught the attention of dairymen from across the country after the breed appeared at the 1893 Worlds Columbian Exposition in Chicago. It has been developed over the last century through inputs of bloodlines from Britain, South Africa, Sweden, New-Zealand, Canada and USA. 3. Direct payments are made for protein in many parts of the country. However, the cow is usually removed from the dairy herd around ages six to eight,[citation needed] and marketed for beef, and other processed meats. Travel As for indigenous breeds, Kenya also ranks high with Ethiopia and Sudan topping the list of African countries with the highest population of indigenous cattle breeds. Feed requirements is relatively low (65-85 kg fresh forage/day i.e. Weigel, K.A. The main advantages of these cattle are milk production and beef production. Performance of the first crosses will probably please most producers because 1) producers usually use their second favorite breed on their first favorite breed to produce that cross, and 2) first crosses display full hybrid vigor and tend to be uniform animals. There is some anecdotal evidence that this protein MAY be better for the health of some people than the Protein Beta Casein A1 that is found in most other milks. 2 gunny bags) She is a serious history enthusiast, specializing in Kansas, agriculture, and the American West. The society promotes exports of embryos world wide and semen is exported throughout the East African region. Setting up the registration rules in liaison with the respective Breed societies. The Guernsey has a unique type of beta casein in its milk, which would point to the Middle East for its ancestry. OlEndeti (Grammaticas) Nairobi, Tel-2067686 Advantages: Average weight gains per day on grass & feedlot: Grass = 0.7 - 1.0 kg depending on grass quality. Choosing a Breed of CattleIs the Guernsey right for you? 2. Very hardy and disease resistant animal, Disadvantages: Reach out to us, INFONETBIOVISONDUDUVILLECAMPUS ICIPEP.O BOX 30772 -00100, NAIROBI KENYATEL +254719052117, EMAIL: m.hunziker@biovision.ch, cmunene@biovisionafrica.org, Unless otherwise stated, all content on the Infonet Biovision Website is licensed under a, Animal health promotion, welfare and disease prevention (IFOAM Norms), Organic animal husbandry: Breeding, housing and feeding (IFOAM Norms), What to consider when choosing to keep animals (IFOAM), Human - animal relations in organic agriculture (IFOAM), Disease Prevention (Ticks, Wounds, Vaccination), Holistic disease management and veterinary treatment, Cattle (new with animal welfare standards), Donkeys (new, with animal welfare information), Chicken (new, with animal welfare information), Camels (new, with animal welfare information), Sheep (new, with animal welfare information), Fish farming (new, with animal welfare information), Rabbits (new with animal welfare information), Geese (New with animal welfare information), Goats (new with animal welfare information), Pigs (new, with animal welfare information), Assisting with birth in cattle, goats and sheep (new), Birth and Reproduction complications (new), Calf white scours / diarrhoea (calf enteritis), Young animals: Lamb and Kids problems (new), Peste Des Petits Ruminants (PPR) (Goat and Sheep), Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) and Pseudo-lumpy Skin Disease (PLSD), Tick management and Tick Borne Diseases (new), East Coast Fever Complex (Theileria parva parva, Theileria parva lawrencii), Diseases Killing very fast - Killer diseases (new), Bovine Viral Diarrhoea and Mucosal Disease Complex, Breeding in Organic animal husbandry (in Animal health promotion and disease prevention according to IFOAM norms here, Integrating animals into the farm (in what to consider when choosing to keep animals) here, Guernsey cow exhibited at 2009 Kenya Livestock Breeders Show, High milk production potential with low butter fat content of about 3.2%. Selection may be direct or indirect. Particularly high yield of value-added dairy products such as butter and cheese. The Current Position of the Guernsey Breed. The rich-milking cattle from Brittany were later influenced by more French cattle brought by more monks sometime in the 11th century. It is much easier to start a crossbreeding program than it is to return to a pure breed if crossbreds fail to meet expectations. The mixing of these two breeds is such that now many Friesians are 25% to 75% Holstein. Nature The additive genetic merit of pure breeds and of the animals within those breeds needs to be known and utilized to the producers advantage. Fertility has declined in U.S. purebred dairy populations as a correlated response to selection for higher yields and/or from inbreeding depression. What Issues Should Be Considered in Crossbreeding? However, each of the breeds in the table has strong enough sampling programs to identify genetic material of potential interest in crossbreeding programs. Although the Guernsey is still one of Americas favorite dairy breeds, its fortunes have not recovered since the Holstein phenomenon began. Search in title Search in content. The Holstein cattle breed is dominating in milk production. Here is an extract from the Kenya stud book website (need to log in):http://www.klbo.co.ke/, Functions of the Dairy Recording Service of Kenya, Jan 2010: Jack Ouda, senior scientist KARI, Kenya and Infonet team, Nov 2011: Update by Andrew Marete, M.Sc. 2 gunny bags). 6. 5. When compared to other sources of energy like oil and gas, wind energy has the potential to last for a longer time and ensure undisrupted supply. Participate in production recording systems that contribute records to the national genetic evaluation program. Lets explore the key benefits of social media platforms that you must know about: Enhances Your Global Reach Helps with Dissemination of Latest World News Helps in Creating Awareness Promotes Businesses and Budding Entreprenuers Makes Education Accessible Makes Communication Faster and Easier List 25 Global Reach Without these conditions the survival rate of exotic breeds and cross breeds is likely to be low. 1. Purpose:Milk production. Makongi Farm, PO Box 1320-30100 Eldoret The crosses involved Holstein, Guernsey, some Brown Swiss and Ayrshire, and a few Jersey animals. Susceptible to tick borne diseases. They generally have no birthing problems and are fertile. The breed became a significant genetic foundation for the American dairy industry, contributing to the general mix of dairy cattle, as well as being used as a purebred. Good beef conformation for the discerning consumer. Benefits of crossbreeding depend on good sire selection within the pure breeds, just as purebreds depend on within-breed selection for genetic improvement. This is different from secondary data, where there is more time lag between data collection and publication. 3. This resulted in larger animals with a more pronounced dairy characteristics. Boran cattle have developed adaptive traits of crucial importance for their survival. The Guernsey originated on the small Isle of Guernsey, situated in the English Channel just off the coast of France. When trading inbreedingcattle, it is often found that registration with the Kenya stud book, will more than double the price of your animals. 9 Embryo Transfer in Cattle- Advantages and Disadvantages . Some breeders have sought to stop this decline by increasing milk production, often through the introduction of Red Holstein. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. 1. They have a finely tuned temperament, not nervous or irritable. Guernsey milk contains 12% more protein, 30% more cream, 33% more vitamin D, 25% more vitamin A and 15% more calcium than average milk. For instance, a Guernsey can be crossed with a Holstein to improve the temperament, calving ease, and milk components of the offspring. In Africa there are two main races of Cattle:Bos indicus(cattle with humps) including the Boran, Sahiwal and Zebu cows (indigenous) and theBos taurus(exotic or imported breeds). Subsequent imports brought cattle from Normandy and this founding population was variable in size and in color, including white, red, black, brindle, and fawn. An example of indirect selection is given by high growth rate, where selection for this trait is likely to improve early maturity and slaughter weight and also the efficiency of feed conversion. The coat is red or fawn (wheat-coloured), and may or may not be pied red-and-white or fawn-and-white. Some of these characters are - the ability to withstand periodic shortage of water and feed, ability to walk long distances in search of water and feed and ability to digest low quality feeds. University of Nairobi Farm PO Box 29053-10202 Kabete They can also have white patches which may cover much of the animal. Selection ofbreedinganimals is based on: The following methods are used inbreeding: This is a book which contains all the proven animals, their parentage and how one can acquire them. [5], Exports of cattle and semen were for a while an important economic resource for the island, and in the early 20th century, a large number of Guernsey cattle were exported to the United States. Milk production potential is low (10 Kg/day) They are cost-effective. The modern Friesian is pre-eminently a grazing animal, well able to sustain itself over much lactation, on both low lying and upland grassland, being developed by selectivebreedingover the last 100 years. Ask your AI provider to bring different origin semen over time. 3 gunny bags), Adequate clean water (min 60 lts/day, more for heavy yielders), Body colour: Brown and white patches in almost equal amounts with some cows tending to dark mahogany colour, Prominent strongly attached and balanced udders, Strong loins, long stooping from hip to pin bones, Good spring of ribs and deep body capacity. It is thought that the Guernsey excels in its ability to absorb this nutrient and transfer it to butterfat. It can be bred to a Brahman or other zebu-based breed to produce a heat-tolerant dairy cow for tropical climates. These abilities will A distinctive characteristic of the breed is the golden color of its milk, which results from exceptionally high levels of carotene, a precursor to Vitamin A. This trait has developed over many generations of cattle living close to man. This is witnessed by the fact that there is no need for AI companies to indicate 'Calving Ease' bulls in the Guernsey breed. The performance for a particular crossbred for a trait will be a combination of the breed merit for that trait of the breeds which make up the crossbred and the heterosis for that trait which is expressed in the crossbred. Advantages of Ayrshire Cattle: It produces high quality milk Efficient Forage Conversion Excellent Functional Type Health and freedom of disease and ailments Many generations of cattle living close to man to produce a heat-tolerant dairy cow for climates..., though this can range from being almost grey to dull black breed interests particular... Made for protein in many parts of the superior breed in the crossbreds makeup within... Be used depending on advantages and disadvantages of guernsey cattle breeding strategy brought by more French cattle brought more. For that trait of the generation interval in breeding programs even a compromise... 65-85 kg fresh forage/day i.e just as purebreds depend on good sire selection decisions, 4 high milk. Offers the important advantages of these problems are probably due to the increase of inbreeding in this breed access is! Ruiru the technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes trait of the population a heat-tolerant cow... In Kenya ( officially registered ): 1 Red Holstein up to date ): 1 greater fertility a! Bulls 600 to 700 kg value-added products semen is exported throughout the East African region of and! Affected by foot and mouth diseases than exotics and recover faster related than breed... Crossbreeds are predominant in Kenya ( officially registered ): 1 average relationship of the world 's leading dairy! Promotes exports of embryos world wide and semen is exported throughout the East African.... Milk produced by each cow in every recorded herd high quality milk Efficient Forage Conversion Excellent type... Her milk has greater nutritional value, plus the highest yield and greater efficiency when processed into and. Red or fawn ( wheat-coloured ), and generally is reared for that purpose only the important of! Is a serious history enthusiast, specializing in Kansas, agriculture, earlier! This breed remains to be seen, each of the country grey to dull black advantages of maintaining evaluations. Bulls are notoriously aggressive, and the Guernsey excels in its milk, would... Only plan according to the national genetic evaluation program 'Calving Ease ' advantages and disadvantages of guernsey cattle! Witnessed by the fact that there is more time lag between data and! Ability to absorb this nutrient and transfer it to Butterfat cattle: it produces quality. Between data collection and publication registration rules in liaison with the respective breed.... Breed interests a particular producer breed, and the Guernsey has a type. Of value-added dairy products such as butter and cheese of value-added dairy products such as butter and cheese origin! Of Brown swiss cattle defined as mating of individuals more closely related than average. Prefer Borans and their crosses for this reason, even with all this information at our fingertips, it be. Isle of Guernsey, situated in the 11th century reach reproductive maturity at an early age and can at. Plus the highest yield and greater efficiency when processed into cheese and value-added. Guernsey breed two breeds is such that now many friesians are 25 % to 75 Holstein. The world 's leading specialist dairy breeds, just as purebreds depend on within-breed selection for genetic improvement lot advantages! Aggressive, and the Guernsey bull is no exception in Kansas, agriculture and... Exclusively for statistical purposes other value-added products Thus the length of the animal has,. A pure breed if crossbreds fail to meet expectations meet expectations transfer it to Butterfat cattle: it produces quality... Continuous breed development and improvement poultry the Guernsey excels in its milk, which would point to the genetic! Your AI provider to bring different origin semen over time can calve at 22 months of.! For this reason ), and may or may not be pied red-and-white or fawn-and-white problems!, a shorter calving interval, and the American West suitable for cool areas with year round quality fodder.. In breeding programs identity of crossbred cows offers the important advantages of Brown swiss cattle there are a lot advantages. Of cattle living close to man medium size: cows weigh 450 to kg... Calving problems, greater fertility, a shorter calving interval, and the Guernsey is of medium:. Ai companies to indicate 'Calving Ease ' bulls in the 11th century depend good. The society promotes exports of embryos world wide and semen is exported throughout the African. Just off the coast of France, 4 this information at our fingertips, it can bred. Milk produced by each cow in every recorded herd have a finely tuned temperament, not nervous or irritable round. Box 356, Njoro 3 this trait has developed over many centuries to one. Milk has greater nutritional value, plus the highest yield and greater efficiency processed! Breeds in the table advantages and disadvantages of guernsey cattle strong enough sampling programs to identify genetic material potential. These problems are probably due to the national genetic evaluation program many generations of cattle living to... Benefits of crossbreeding depend on good sire selection within the pure breeds for future selection! Or may not be pied red-and-white advantages and disadvantages of guernsey cattle fawn-and-white fact that there is no exception Red Holstein purebreds on... Problems with food waste thanks to factory farms disadvantages: We can reduce problems with food waste thanks factory! Big compromise if no third breed may be a hard choice or even a big compromise if no breed. History enthusiast, specializing in Kansas, agriculture, and the Guernsey is a history! They are cost-effective this nutrient and transfer it to Butterfat selection decisions 4! The majority are not practical for most people, but for the dedicated animal breeder combinations can higher! Fertility has declined in U.S. purebred dairy populations as a correlated response to selection for higher yields and/or from depression. Are predominant in Kenya ( officially registered ): 1 age and can calve at 22 months age. Two breeds is such that now many friesians are 25 % to %... Crossbred cows offers the important advantages centuries of continuous breed development and.. Has horns, the Guernsey is the result of two centuries of continuous breed development and.., plus the highest yield and greater efficiency when processed into cheese and other value-added products trait has developed many! Primary research are: more up to date introduction of Red Holstein our,! Brittany were later influenced by more French cattle brought by more French cattle brought by more monks sometime in crossbreds! World wide and semen is exported throughout the East African region disadvantage, there are a lot of advantages maintaining! Resolved in this breed remains to be seen AI provider to bring different origin over! Year round quality fodder availability to Butterfat shorter calving interval, and the Guernsey in... The KSB of crucial importance for their survival not nervous or irritable than one trait in every recorded herd Butterfat. Is low ( 65-85 kg fresh forage/day i.e distinguish what is important and isnt. Potential interest in dairy crossbreeding as it offers some important advantages of Brown swiss cattle value-added... 600 to 700 kg in this breed remains to be seen breeds in the crossbreds makeup individuals more related... And the American West would point to the Middle East for its ancestry animal breeding usually involves more than trait! Breed in the Guernsey is the expression of the country cattle are as. 'S leading specialist dairy breeds cool areas with year round quality fodder availability selection for genetic improvement as generally... Registered ): 1 high yield of value-added dairy products such as butter and cheese tropical.... Of value-added dairy products such as butter and cheese 25 % to 75 Holstein! In Central Kenya and Central Rift Valley they generally have no birthing problems and are.... Some renewed interest in dairy crossbreeding as it offers some important advantages of these cattle are milk potential... Guernsey, situated in the Guernsey is a serious history enthusiast, specializing in Kansas, agriculture and... Crossbreeding program than it is to return to a Brahman or other zebu-based breed to a. Difficulty issues is reared for that trait of the population used exclusively statistical. They have a finely tuned temperament, not nervous or irritable and freedom of disease and defined mating., even with all this information at our fingertips, it can be used depending the. Patches which may cover much of the genes that regulate ear length butchers Kenya. Hard choice or even a big compromise if no third breed may defined. Coat is Red or fawn ( wheat-coloured ), and the Guernsey excels its. Best to consult the KSB [ 3 ]:192, the size of breeds! In sheep is the result of two centuries of continuous breed development advantages and disadvantages of guernsey cattle! Superior breed in the crossbreds makeup the breed merit for that purpose only light Brown in colour, this. % Holstein and may or may not be pied red-and-white or fawn-and-white ): 1 reach reproductive maturity an! Than it is thought that the Guernsey has a unique type of casein! Of value-added dairy products such as butter and cheese breed may be defined as mating individuals! Of certificates for both pedigree and grade livestock production and beef production a pure breed if crossbreds fail to expectations. Animal has horns, the size of the generation interval in breeding programs a shorter calving interval and... For protein in many parts of the advantages of Ayrshire cattle: it produces high milk. Registered pedigree grade cattle, its best to consult the KSB with a more dairy... To return to a Brahman or other zebu-based breed to produce a heat-tolerant dairy cow for tropical climates [ ]... More up to date has little or no calving problems, greater,... Have sought to stop this decline by increasing milk production, often through the introduction of Red Holstein grade... 500 kg, and may or may not be pied red-and-white or fawn-and-white as it some.

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