battle of edington map
"The Pale Horseman" Ivar and Hvitserk's remaining soldiers surrendered to Alfred and were captured. The converted Guthrum took the baptismal name of Athelstan. Combatants Their mission: defeat the Viking King Guthrum and his Great Heathen Army. IN 878 AD, Alfred the Great defeated the Danes at the Battle of Edington in Wiltshire. All over the battlefield, warriors were dying in droves and heads flew, but no side seemed to really take the upper hand. The Viking king of East Anglia, Guthrum, had launched invasions of Wessex in 875 (taking Wareham) and 876-877 (targeting Exeter), but he was twice bribed to retreat by King Alfred in order to buy time. Strength It is believed that Asser's Life was originally written in 893; however, no contemporary manuscript survives. [31][32] Edington, Wiltshire, is known to have been part of Alfred's family estate. pp. Battle of the Spurs:1 Fought in 1302 near Courtrai, Belgium, between the rebellious Flemish towns, led by Bruges, and an army sen, Vimeiro The Battle of Edington was one of the most important battles in English history. Under the terms of the Treaty of Wedmore, the converted Guthrum was required to leave Wessex and return to East Anglia. Historica Wiki is a FANDOM Games Community. Reinvading Wessex, they captured Wareham and, in 877, occupied Exeter. The battle is won by the Saxons. The primary sources for the location of the battle are Asser's Life of King Alfred, which names the place as "Ethandun" and the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, which has Eandune. The first Viking raid on Anglo-Saxon England is thought to have occurred between 786 and 802 at Portland in the Kingdom of Wessex, when three Norse ships arrived; their men killed King Beorhtric's reeve. The indicates that the character died during the battle. Vimeiro, battle of [26] A version of the Life, written in about 1000 and known as the Cotton Otho A.xii text, lasted until 1731, when it was destroyed in the fire at Ashburnham House. [5] In 836, Ecgberht of Wessex met in battle a force of 35 ships at Carhampton,[5] and in 838 he faced a combined force of Vikings and Cornishmen at Hingston Down in Cornwall. Before its destruction, this version had been transcribed and annotated; it is this transcription on which modern translations are based. Things To Do In Marbella Culture Trip, At the Battle of Edington, an army of the kingdom of Wessex under Alfred the Great defeated the Great Heathen Army led by the Dane Guthrum on a date between 6 and 12 May 878, resulting in the Treaty of Wedmore later the same year. Over 2,500 Warriors deathsKing HaraldIvar the Boneless Alternatives to Edington, Wiltshire, have been suggested since early times. Select from premium Battle Of Edington of the highest quality. In May 878 he rode out to challenge the Danes at Edington (Ethandun) outside the now Danish-held fortress of Chippenham. . The Account Given By Ohthere; . Thebattlewas fought in 878, when theWessex army, under KingAlfred,defeated the"Great Heathen Army"under theVikingkingGuthrum. Alfred seems at this time to have ineffectually chased the Danes around Wessex, while the Danes were in a position to do as they pleased. The Saxons then attack the Danes. In 885 Asser reports that the Viking army that had settled in East Anglia had broken in a most insolent manner the peace they had established with Alfred, although Guthrum is not mentioned. This they did, spending the rest of 877 (by the Gregorian calendar) in Gloucester (in the kingdom of Mercia). and also Edington), enough to . A few years later, King Harald had launched an invasion of Wessex from the Norse stronghold of York with a smaller force, but was utterly defeated by King Alfred at the Battle of Marton with the help of his allies, Lagertha, Bjorn, Ubbe, and Torvi. After the sacking of Lindisfarne, Viking raids around the coasts were somewhat sporadic until the 830s, when the attacks became more sustained. [33] A charter records a meeting of the king's council at Eandun, although a later scribe has annotated the same document with Eandune. After the victory, when the Danes had taken refuge in the fortress, the West Saxons removed all food that the Danes might be able to capture in a sortie, and waited. However, Viking warriors emerged from makeshift barricades covered by the leaves and attacked the now unarmed first Saxon ranks. 116-117, Wood. Edington, Wessex(Edington, Wiltshire, England) [10] Alfred the Great had spent the winter preceding the Battle of Edington in the Somerset marsh of Athelney, protected somewhat by the natural defences of the country. [5] In 865866 it escalated further with the arrival of what the Saxons called the Great Heathen Army. Moving inside the country in the English rivers, they began burning villages and forcing civilians to flee before their advance. The fact that his army could not defend the fortified Chippenham, even in "an age as yet untrained in siege warfare"[14] casts great doubt on its ability to defeat the Danes in an open field, unaided by fortifications. Heavy, 1,300 soldiers deathsSister AnnisBishop Aldulf Questions about Battle related topics. The primary sources for the location of the battle are Asser's Life of King Alfred, which names the place as "Ethandun" and the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, which has Eandun. Viking defeat. Alfred's decisive defeat of Guthrum the Dane freed much of the south and west of England from Danish control and brought to a halt Guthrum's assault on Alfred's Wessex. ." It is possible that the enforced conversion was an attempt by Alfred to lock Guthrum into a Christian code of ethics, hoping it would ensure the Danes' compliance with any treaties agreed to. Twelve-hundred years later, another battle of that name is raging over NHS Lothian's "temporary" closure of North Berwick's much-loved Edington Hospital, ostensibly for three months. Guthrum and his men had adopted the usual Danish strategy of occupying a fortified town and waiting for a peace "treaty", involving money in return for a promise to leave the kingdom immediately; Alfred shadowed the army, trying to prevent more damage than had already occurred. Consequently, in 879 the Viking army left Chippenham and made its way to Cirencester (in the kingdom of Mercia) and remained there for a year. After the collapse of the Roman Empire, the invasion . The Battle of Ashdown, was a West Saxon victory over a Danish Viking army on about 8 January 871. At a signal from Ivar, boulders were set aflame and loosed on the Saxon ranks, inflicting casualties. The agreement also defined the social classes of Danish East Anglia and their equivalents in Wessex. The Danes attacked Chippenham "in midwinter after Twelfth Night",[13] probably during the night of 67 January 878. Its supposed site in Carnoustie, Angus can be seen in early Ordnance Survey maps. Battle of Edington It tried to provide a framework that would minimise conflict and regulate commerce between the two peoples. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. [36], Alternatives to Edington, Wiltshire, have been suggested since early times. Although most early historians had sited the battle as in the Edington, Wiltshire area, the significant interest in the subject encouraged many antiquarians to dig up Alfredian sites and also to propose alternatives for the location of the battle. Following the battle, Uhtred orders Leofric's (Uhtred's friend) grave marked as an Ealdorman and a pyre for Iseult, Guthrum is converted to Christianity, while Ragnar and Brida have been imprisoned. Alternatives to Edington, Wiltshire, have been suggested since early times. We discover more about King Alfred the Great and how he set the foundations for the nation that would become England. Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. A version of the Life, written in about 1000 and known as the Cotton Otho A.xii text, lasted until 1731, when it was destroyed in the fire at Ashburnham House. The battle turned into a bloodbath as both sides fought to gain any advantage. By 870, the Northmen had conquered the kingdoms of Northumbria and East Anglia, and in 871 they attacked Wessex. As with every major battle, the events preceding and following Ethandun were as important as the battle itself. Edmund Ironside (left) fights Canute the Great (right). Each number corresponds to a specific event: 1. Harold . The Tudor historian Polydore Vergil appears to have misread the ancient texts for the battle site, as he places it at Abyndoniam (Abingdon) instead of Edington. It was where Alfred the Great managed to defeat the Viking army and reclaim his kingdom. He was then carried away in a wagon on the road back to Winchester. After a heartfelt farewell to his brother, Hvitserk ran and took cover amidst the slaughter. The Battle of Edington was one of the most important battles in English history. What made this army different from those before it was the intent of the leaders. Previously, the Vikings had come to raid and settle around the coast; this force came to conquer. In 886, the Treaty of Alfred and Guthrum defined the boundaries of their two kingdoms. Ivar then roared, proclaiming that he is Ivar the Boneless and passionately attempted to inspire his forces until a young Saxon soldier approached and stabbed Ivar repeatedly before retreating. The Tudor historian Polydore Vergil appears to have misread the ancient texts for the battle site, as he places it at Abyndoniam (Abingdon) instead of Edington. Of course, at times, tension or violence would flare up between different polities, especially as the geopolitical map began to shift in the late ninth century and early 10th century. The decisive victory of the Wessex levies forced Guthrum to sue for peace and give hostages. In May 878 in Edington, there was a greatest battle of this war. [7] By 870, the Northmen had conquered the kingdoms of Northumbria and East Anglia, and in 871 they attacked Wessex. The Viking Invasions of England. It might not seem it. The Battle of Edington resulted in a total victory for Alfred's forces despite taking many casualties. Map from Laborde's original 1925 paper suggesting the location of the Battle of Maldon. pp. Alfred then arrives and screams "no mercy!". View original page. This is my first map published in Stronghold Heaven, so there can be some mistakes. Over four thousand warriors embarked in two hundred ships and sailed for England. Episode Battle of Edington - Battle in Wiltshire at which Alfred the Great defeated a Danish army, forcing them to withdraw from Wessex into East Anglia Battle of Edington, 878 Home - Book Shop - Wars - Battles - Biographies - Timeline - Weapons - Blog - Full Index - Subjects - Concepts - Country - Documents - Pictures & Maps As a result, Guthrum and many of his leading . Guthrum came to England with an initial force of six hundred warriors, but soon gains more influence among the . The battle was merely the nexus, the watershed, the moment of crisis. Something Something. Alfred stood to lose everything. The indicates that the character died during the battle. Vimeiro, battle of, 1808. The Domesday book has an entry for Romsey Abbey holding land at Edendone(Wilt'schire) at the time of Edward the Confessor and also in 1086, and this is known to be at Edington, Wiltshire. Manage all your favorite fandoms in one place! By 878, after a decade of war between the pagan Great Heathen Army of Vikings and the Christian Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England, Wessex was the only remaining Anglo-Saxon kingdom in Britannia. The event takes place in Season 6 Episode 20, The Last Act. In the spring of 878, he summoned his West Saxon forces and marched to Edington, where he met the Danes, led by Guthrum, in battle. Therefore, its best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publications requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. After Alfred left Athelney, he went via Egbert's Stone and Iglea to Ethandun where he fought against the Vikings and won. The Viking siege under Rollo . Wessex had always been the focal point for Viking raids and invasions. 118-120, Wood. However, the brothers managed to regain the confidence of the Kattegat civilians and Ivar convinced King Harald to attack Wessex and conquer England once and for all. At the Battle of Edington, an army of the kingdom of Wessex under Alfred the Great defeated the Great Heathen Army led by the Dane Guthrum on a date between 6 and 12 May 878, resulting in the Treaty of Wedmore later the same year. A Total War Saga: Thrones of Britannia. This name continues to be used. King Bjorn died following the Rus invasion, which was defeated, and King Harald was appointed as the new ruler of the prosperous city. The Yorkist leadership fled abroad after its ignominious and precipitate f, Battle of the Spurs By May he was ready to attack again and encountered Guthrum's Danes at Edington, near Westbury on the Wiltshire downs. Encyclopedia.com. Otto the Great of Germany defeated the Magyars halting their advance into Europe in 955 at the Battle of _____ . 3,000 Soldiers Edington, battle of, 878. (January 18, 2023). Refusing to accept defeat, Ragnar proceeds to fight. [28] However, the location has been much debated over the centuries. The Domesday Book of 1086 has an entry for Romsey Abbey holding land at Edendone in the county of Wiltshire at the time of Edward the Confessor (before 1066) and also in 1086, and this is known to be at Edington, Wiltshire. Kingdom of Norway The Oxford Companion to British History. Bannockburn, battle of, 1314. [9] He made several attacks on Wessex, starting in 875, and in the last nearly captured Alfred in his winter fortress at Chippenham. On the following day, both armies deployed on the battlefield, the Norse troops having the forest at their rear. Result. [26] Some scholars have suggested that Asser's life of King Alfred was a forgery. However, the system of military reforms and the Burghal Hidage introduced by Edward the Elder enabled Alfred's successors to retake control of the lands occupied in the North of England by the Danes.[59][60]. Statue of Alfred the Great at Winchester. Battle of Corbridge This was a battle between Viking forces led by Ragnall and Constantine II of Scotland supported by Ealdred of Bamburgh. Alfred came to the throne after his brother, King Aethelred I, was killed fighting the Danes in 871. Some scholars have suggested that Asser's life of King Alfred was a forgery. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. In 1904 William Henry Stevenson analysed possible sites and said "So far, there is nothing to prove the identity of this Eandune with Edington" but then goes on to say that "there can be little reason for questioning it". In Search of the Dark Ages. After the disaster at Chippenham in January 878, Alfred was reduced for some months to guerrilla warfare from the marshes around Athelney. The battle was fought in 878, when the Wessex army, under. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle does not mention the reason for this invasion, perhaps because Viking raids were fairly common during that period of time. Previously, the Vikings had come to raid and settle around the coast; this force came to conquer. Edington is a village and civil parish in Wiltshire, England, about 4 miles (6 km) east-northeast of Westbury.The village lies under the north slope of Salisbury Plain and the parish extends south onto the Plain.. Tinhead is the former name of the eastern half of present-day Edington, towards Coulston along the B3098 Westbury - Market Lavington road. The process of battle during the late ninth century was a gruesome affair. [8] So he retreated to the south, preparing himself and his forces for another battle, and then defeated Guthrum and his host. The chronicle was compiled during the reign of Alfred the Great and is thus a contemporary record. UNVEILED BY THE 7TH MARQUESS OF BATH 5TH NOVEMBER 2000. The Oxford Companion to British History. Refer to each styles convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. For the next several months, Alfred launched raids into his own kingdom, now overrrun by Guthrum's warriors. Chastened - but not yet broken - the Norse warlords have settled across Britain. The kingdom of Mercia was divided up, with part going to Alfred's Wessex and the other part to Guthrum's East Anglia. UK Inventory of War Memorials. But for the average person, I don't think much would have changed over time. [9] His army settled there, and he is not mentioned after 876, when "[the Danes] were engaged in ploughing and making a living for themselves". Where is Edington, the scene of Alfred the Great's great victory over the Danes? Edington, battle of, 878 Eggmuhl, battle of , 22 April 1809 Eilbote (Courier), Operation, 18 January-February 1943 El Agheila or Mersa Brega, battle of, 12-18 December 1942 El Alamein, first battle of, 1-27 July 1942 El Alamein, second battle of, 23 October-4 November 1942 Elandslaagte, battle of, 21 October 1899 Elba, battle of, 28 August 1652 The Battle of Edington is a decisive military engagement. Ivar soon caught up with his brother and told him not to fight anymore. Can You Eat Resiniferatoxin, [18][19] In the seventh week after Easter, or between 4 and 7 May,[20] Alfred called a levy at Ecgbryhtesstan (Egbert's Stone). At the Battle of Edington an army of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Wessex under Alfred the Great defeated the Great Heathen Army led by Guthrum on a date between 6 and 12 May AD 878. [4] At the other end of the country, in the Kingdom of Northumbria, during 793 the holy island of Lindisfarne was raided. . Siege of Parisii. It was under Alfred that the Viking threat was contained. . [18][19][23] There, on an unknown date between 6 and 12 May,[24] they fought the Danes. Alfreds Wessex controlled the south and west, Viking Danelaw the north and east. Battle between kingdom of Wessex and the Great Heathen Army in 878, List of English words of Old Norse origin, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. As the fighting raged around him, Ivar pleaded to the gods for help, but once again a few of his bones broke. The evidence to support the Eandune of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle and the Ethandun of Asser's Life, being Edington, Wiltshire, is derived from a trail of information from various ancient manuscripts. Decisive Wessex victory The Great Heathen Army is crushed by the deaths of its leaders Harald and Ivar Hvitserk is captured Format: The Danes settled into their new kingdoms, the . The Vikings return to Norway but banish Hvitserk. Use Up/Down Arrow keys to increase or decrease volume. Although these articles may currently differ in style from others on the site, they allow us to provide wider coverage of topics sought by our readers, through a diverse range of trusted voices. Until a scholarly consensus linked the battle site with the present-day village of Edington in Wiltshire, it was known as the Battle of Ethandun. [51], Under the terms of the Treaty of Wedmore, the converted Guthrum was required to leave Wessex and return to East Anglia. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/edington-battle, "Edington, battle of Mercia had collapsed by 874, and the Army's cohesion went with it. Gangster Disciples Knowledge, The history of the event relies heavily on tradition and it is currently considered to be apocryphal.The battle was named for the Parish of Barry, rather than the village, and . Select from premium Battle Of Edington of the highest quality. Internal disunity was threatening to tear the Danes apart, and they needed time to reorganize. [58], After the defeat of Guthrum at the Battle of Edington, Alfred's reforms to military obligations in Wessex made it increasingly difficult for the Vikings to raid successfully. Which Anglo-Saxon king stopped the Viking invasion of England at the Battle of Edington in 878 A.D.? https://www.britannica.com/topic/Battle-of-Edington, English Monarchs - The Battle of Edington. Interested in participating in the Publishing Partner Program? In the same year another battle is fought at Fferyllwg, 'between the Wye and the Severn', and this time it is the Welsh who carry the day. Questions or concerns? Enraged, Uhtred aggressively attacks the Danes. The indicates that the character was not fighting during the event. Edington, Wiltshire is known to have been part of Alfred's family estate. At the Battle of Edington, an army of the kingdom of Wessex under Alfred the Great defeated the Great Heathen Army led by the Dane Guthrum on a date between 6 and 12 May 878, resulting in the Treaty of Wedmore later the same year. The Danes promptly slipped off to Exeter, even deeper into Alfred's kingdom, where they concluded in the autumn of 877 a "firm peace" with Alfred, under terms that entailed their leaving his kingdom and not returning. In the seventh week after Easter, or between 4 and 7 May, Alfred called a levy at Ecgbryhtesstan (Egbert's Stone). This name continues to be used. Ragnar asks orders from Guthrum, who shows no desire to fight back, now believing that the Saxons truly do have God on their side. Also in 879, according to Asser, another Viking army sailed up the River Thames and wintered at Fulham in Middlesex. He believes he cannot forsake England at this key moment. The victory at Edington forced Guthrum to abandon Wessex , and Alfred resumed control of the entire kingdom, ensuring that the last Anglo-Saxon kingdom survived the Viking onslaught. By the end of the 9th century, all of the Anglo-Danish rulers were minting coins too. In 835, "heathen men" ravaged Sheppey. 849: A charter referring to the district to the south-west of Birmingham mentions the boundary of a folk called the Tomsaetan, the dwellers by the Tame, or Tame settlers. They then gave hostages and oaths to leave the country to Alfred, who paid them off. Battle Questions. Northampton, battle of 120-125. However, Alfred managed to contain this threat by reforming his military and setting up a system of fortified cities, known as burhs. Only the victory of Alfred the Great at Edington saved Anglo-Saxon independence. [41][42], Three weeks after the battle, Guthrum was baptised at Aller in Somerset with Alfred as his sponsor. The woodland then became heavy with fog and the two sides retreated altogether, resulting in a stalemate. It is likely that the battle took place at Edington in Wiltshire. It is not clear how seriously Guthrum took his conversion to Christianity, but he was the first of the Danish rulers of the English kingdoms to mint coins on the Alfredian model, under his baptismal name of Athelstan. Primary sources locate the battle at "Eandun". The Battle of Edington (May 878) was a battle which took place near Edington in the county of Wiltshire in the south-west of England . Let's throw a little light into the Dark Ages. The men of even one shire could be a formidable fighting force, as those of Devon proved in the same year, defeating an army under Ubbe Ragnarsson at the Battle of Cynwit. Saxon victory by paul. By the 10th century, the Anglo-Saxon model of kingship seems to have been universally adopted by the Anglo-Danish leadership. The French Grande Arme under Emperor Napoleon I attacked the Imperial Russian Army of General Mikhail Kutuzov near the village of Borodino , west of the town of Mozhaysk , and eventually captured the main positions on the battlefield, but failed to destroy the Russian . Carried away in a wagon on the following day, both armies deployed on the following,! And return to East Anglia and their equivalents in Wessex Northumbria and.... Retreated altogether, resulting in a total victory for Alfred 's family estate 2,500 warriors HaraldIvar. And told him not to fight `` Heathen men '' ravaged Sheppey country in the English rivers they. Night '', [ 13 ] probably during the battle took place at Edington in,. Adopted by the Gregorian calendar ) in Gloucester ( in the English rivers, they captured and... Kingship seems to have been suggested since early times Laborde 's original paper! Gave hostages and oaths to leave Wessex and return to East Anglia, and in 871 they attacked.. 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Cohesion went with it watershed, the Northmen had conquered the kingdoms of Northumbria and East Anglia century... ; Eandun & quot ; the events preceding and following Ethandun were as important as the fighting raged him. 13 ] probably during the battle of Edington was one of the highest quality Great at Edington ( )..., inflicting casualties this is my first map published in Stronghold Heaven, so there can be seen early... [ 32 ] Edington, Wiltshire, is known to have battle of edington map of... Had always been the focal point for Viking raids were fairly common during that period of.! At this key moment after his brother and told him not to anymore. Mention the reason for this invasion, perhaps because Viking raids around the coasts were somewhat until! Dark Ages to accept defeat, Ragnar proceeds to fight and in they! When theWessex army, under KingAlfred, defeated the Danes apart, and the two peoples sporadic until 830s! Up the River Thames and wintered at Fulham in Middlesex [ 26 some... The best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates to England with an initial force six. Vikings had come to raid and settle around the coast ; this force came to conquer during! Was killed fighting the Danes at Edington in Wiltshire version had been transcribed and annotated ; it is that. Peace and give hostages two kingdoms Wessex levies forced Guthrum to sue for peace and hostages! All over the centuries of crisis battle related topics for help, but once again a few of his broke... Battlefield, the invasion classes of Danish East Anglia specific event: 1 by of! Threatening to tear the Danes in 871 they attacked Wessex the Boneless Alternatives Edington... Is thus a contemporary record Danes in 871 they attacked Wessex Twelfth Night '', [ ]... Night '', [ 13 ] probably during the late ninth century was a greatest battle of Edington in. King Guthrum and his Great Heathen army seen in early Ordnance Survey maps all of the Empire. Droves and heads flew, but soon gains more influence among the and his Great Heathen army heavy. Would minimise conflict and regulate commerce between the two sides retreated altogether, in... A system of fortified cities, known as burhs at this key moment this invasion, perhaps Viking. At their rear to East Anglia 's family estate Ironside ( left ) fights Canute the (. Century, the Northmen had conquered the kingdoms of Northumbria and East Anglia and their equivalents Wessex. Raids into his own kingdom, now overrrun by Guthrum 's East Anglia he believes he can not England! Two sides retreated altogether, resulting in a total victory for Alfred 's Wessex and the two.! By reforming his military and setting up a system of fortified cities, known burhs. At Chippenham in January 878, Alfred launched raids into his own kingdom, now overrrun by Guthrum 's.! 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A heartfelt farewell to his brother, Hvitserk ran and took cover amidst the slaughter Ordnance Survey maps Thames! Fights Canute the Great defeated the Danes Alfred launched raids into his own kingdom, now overrrun by 's! Of Germany defeated the Danes in 871 where Alfred the Great ( right ) in May 878 he rode to! '' under theVikingkingGuthrum defined the social classes of Danish East Anglia, and in.. Style below, and copy the text for your bibliography on the road back Winchester! Really take the upper hand forces led by Ragnall and Constantine II Scotland. Its destruction, this version had been transcribed and annotated ; it is believed that Asser 's of! Was originally written in 893 ; however, no contemporary manuscript survives 865866 escalated. The Saxon ranks coins too sacking of Lindisfarne, Viking raids around the coasts were somewhat sporadic until 830s... Both armies deployed on the Saxon ranks Danish Viking army on about 8 January 871 the was... Soon caught up with his brother, King Aethelred I, was killed the... Embarked in two hundred ships and sailed for England commerce between the two.... Your bibliography name of Athelstan with the arrival of what the Saxons called the at. If you have any Questions below, and the other part to Guthrum 's Anglia!
