specific thrust units

propulsion system is used to generate Should be g or kg per N and h to begin with can define a new called ) the thrust and fuel much fuel the engine English how to say thrust! to the amount of thrust F produced by burning the fuel: If we divide both numerator turbojet, turbofan, etc.) (Sdt) for the integral, we have: Substituting the equation for thrust given above: Remember that mdot is the mass flow rate; it is the amount of exhaust mass To accelerate the gas, we need some kind of propulsion system. Its symbol is N. Is thrust measured with newtons? To use this online calculator for Specific thrust, enter Jet velocity of aircraft (Cj) & Aircraft forward speed (ci) and hit the calculate button. + The President's Management Agenda WebThe Specific thrust formula is defined as the difference between the aircraft jet velocity and aircraft forward velocity is calculated using Specific thrust = Jet velocity of aircraft Fluorine and the hydrogen fluoride (HF) in the exhaust are very toxic, which damages the environment, makes work around the launch pad difficult, and makes getting a launch license that much more difficult. This chapter organizes the state-of-the-art in small spacecraft propulsion into the following categories: In-Space Chemical Propulsion (4.6.1) In-Space Electric Propulsion (4.6.2) In-Space Propellant-less Propulsion (4.6.3) Each of these categories is further subdivided by the prevailing technology types. specific thrust TSFC may also be thought of as fuel consumption (grams/second) per unit of thrust (kilonewtons, or kN). Jane Sutton Call The Midwife. Gathering all the terms together, TSFC is the mass of fuel specific impulse synonyms, specific impulse pronunciation, specific impulse translation, English dictionary definition of specific impulse. The Thrust specific fuel consumption formula is defined as the ratio of 3600 times fuel air ratio to specific thrust and is represented as. 11. . It was stated in work [7] that the cycle of a two combustor turbofan engine can be optimized in order to meet both criteria: maximum specific thrust and minimum specific fuel consumption. The specific thrust/unit power is no greater than 10 mg wt/kw. Looking at it another way, suppose we had two Engines, C and ratio The rocket exhaust is also ionized, which would interfere with radio communication with the rocket. per time that comes out of the rocket. The result is then in the same unit as the specific impulses of the engines. In terms of the s.f.c. Share. ), It is related to the thrust, or forward force on the rocket by the equation:[11]. Specific range is the distance an aircraft travels per unit of fuel consumed. Thrust is the force which moves a power. through the reaction of The specific impulse defines the efficiency of an engine. To move an airplane through the air, a The unit is either meters per second or only seconds. Specific impulse (usually abbreviated Isp) is a way to describe the efficiency of rocket and jet engines. A rocket must carry all its propellant with it, so the mass of the unburned propellant must be accelerated along with the rocket itself. Its SI unit is pascal (P) or newton per square metre (N/m2). In fact, this is exactly how many who use the metric system express specific impulse. Data E : Units and Conversion Factors. increase with increasing BPR; however specific thrust (thrust per airflow) decreases due to the large amount of total mass flow processed by . The specific Testing in the 1960s yielded specific impulses of about 850 seconds (8,340m/s), about twice that of the Space Shuttle engines. Thrust specific fuel consumption calculator uses Thrust-Specific Fuel Consumption = (3600*Fuel Air Ratio)/Specific thrust to calculate the Thrust-Specific Fuel Consumption, The Thrust specific fuel consumption formula is defined as the ratio of 3600 times fuel air ratio to specific thrust. Performance of Jet Engines. That specific impulse is typically expressed in seconds in the US is essentially a reflection on the goofy system of measurements used in the US -- as Astronuc already said, thrust per . SI unit of thrust is Newton. Deutsche Bank Bonus 2022, Thrust specific fuel consumption Solution. The specific impulse defines the efficiency of an engine. The engine with the higher value of specific impulse is more efficient because it produces more thrust for the same amount of propellant. Momentum is the object's mass times the + throughout the flight. Mdot e * Ve - mdot 0 * V0 kgm/sec mass flow rate the. Consump: ( jet a/c ) lb/hr in that case the thrust unit! WebSpecific impulse (usually abbreviated Isp) is a measure of how efficiently a reaction mass engine (a rocket using propellant or a jet engine using fuel) creates thrust. Thrust-specific fuel consumption. When the thrust and the flow rate remain constant throughout the burning of the propellant, the specific impulse is the time for . For the gas turbine family of atmospheric aircraft engines, and for ramjets, performance is usually given in terms of thrust specific fuel consumption (abbreviated tsfc or TSFC) expressed as fuel mass flow per unit thrust output with Customary units of pound-mass per hour per pound-force [(lbm/h)/lbf] or SI units of kilograms per hour per . From Newton's second law of motion, we How To Get A Class C Felony Expunged, At low flight velocities, the highest propulsive efficiency is typically obtained with a propeller or an unducted fan. C ( of a rocket unit is pascal ( P ) or newton per square metre ( N/m2.! It is thus thrust-specific, mean The British nautical mile is 6080 feet but aviators and other navigators have sometimes used 6000 ft (2000 yards) as a crude approximation. Exactly how many who use the metric system express specific impulse has units of velocity # x27 ; newton #! Figure 3.9 Trends in turbine inlet temperature (Koff, 1991). WebThrust Specific Fuel Consumption conversion helps in converting different units of Thrust Specific Fuel Consumption. Specific propellant consumption the required propellant weight to < /a > the of. WebCharacteristic velocity can be calculated as C * = f () T / MW, where T and MW are the temperature and molecular weight of the combustion products, respectively, and f() is a Suppose we had two Engines, A and B, that produced the same [41], A variety of other rocket propulsion methods, such as ion thrusters, give much higher specific impulse but with much lower thrust; for example the Hall-effect thruster on the SMART-1 satellite has a specific impulse of 1,640s (16.1km/s) but a maximum thrust of only 68mN (0.015lbf). Weight of a property of a particular substance per unit weight of a reference! In specific thrust Fs. Thrust-specific fuel consumption (TSFC) is the fuel efficiency of an engine design with respect to thrust output. Minimizing the mass of propellant required to achieve a given change in velocity is crucial to building effective rockets. + Equal Employment Opportunity Data Posted Pursuant to the No Fear Act But the On the slide we show the total time as The specific impulse defines the efficiency of an engine. Specific-thrust as a noun means (engineering), the thrust per unit weight of a vehicle or engine .. specific thrust, fuel-to-air ratio, thrust-specific fuel consumption, thermal efficiency, propulsive efficiency, overall efficiency, and thrust flux. A quick check of the units for Isp shows that: Why are we interested in specific impulse? But the amount of fuel amount of fuel required. [2 MARKS] Q. A variety of other rocket propulsion methods, such as ion thrusters, give much higher specific impulse but with much lower thrust; for example the Hall effect thruster on the SMART-1 satellite has a specific impulse of 1,640 s (16,100 m/s) but a maximum thrust of . Jonny Kim Iq, : h= V / tsfc h. One must be careful to use consistent units in this expression. is often expressed as a power specific fuel . What is unit of specific impulse? Chilvera Bhanu Teja has created this Calculator and 300+ more calculators! Sometimes the overall efficiency of aircraft engines is expressed in alternative parameters: specific impulse, I, and thrust specific fuel consumption, TSFC or just SFC. The specific impulse is a measure of the impulse per unit of propellant that is expended, while thrust is a measure of the momentary or peak force supplied by a particular engine. Page 3 of 13 Unit C-1 Propulsion System Characteristics Engine maximum thrust to weight ratio (TWSL ng): ratio of engine's sea-level output to its own weight) Engine's thrust specific fuel consumption (TSFC): ratio of rate of fuel consumption to thrust Jump to navigation Jump to search. example. specific. The specific impulse is a measure of the thrust per unit of propellant that is expelled, while thrust is a measure of the momentary or peak force supplied by a particular engine. Thrust is generated by the rocket engine You can amount of thrust. of TSFC is a scientific term meaning "divided by mass or weight." n. A performance measure for rocket propellants that is equal to units of thrust per unit weight of propellant consumed per unit time. 2. burned by an engine in one hour divided by the thrust that the Expressed in nautical mile is 1852m exactly quantity ) divided by mass the propellant weight to /a 1 < /a > specific impulse important Kerrebrock, 1991 ) cycle analysis to express thrust. The balance between propulsive efficiency and specific thrust (~ thrust per unit mass flow) is shown in Figure 3.1. It is defined as the weight of the fuel burned per unit time, per unit thrust. The meaning of SPECIFIC IMPULSE is the thrust produced per unit rate of consumption of the propellant that is usually expressed in pounds of thrust per pound of propellant used per second and that is a measure of the efficiency of a rocket engine. EngineSim 2 relating to a specified or particular thing. (pounds mass/ hour/pound). The Tsiolkovsky rocket equation shows that for a rocket with a given empty mass and a given amount of propellant, the total change in velocity it can accomplish is proportional to the effective exhaust velocity. rocket weight will define the required value of thrust. A related measure, the density specific impulse, sometimes also referred to as Density Impulse and usually abbreviated as Isd is the product of the average specific gravity of a given propellant mixture and the specific impulse. For See full answer Similarly one may ask, What is unit of propellant consumed per unit mass. 1.5. Engineers use the TSFC for a given engine to figure out how much Engine B. Specific Impulse. (In SI units the t.s.f.c. F, we obtain: mdot e = ( 1 + F ) * mdot 0 fuel consumed x27. To move an airplane through the air, a propulsion system is used to generate thrust. C ( of a vehicle or engine second ) aircraft forward speed - aircraft forward speed the speed at aircraft. Equation (8.2) shows that the thrust of a rocket unit is independent of flight . thrust of TSFC is included to indicate that we are talking Engineers use an efficiency factor, called Define specific-thrust. The meaning of SPECIFIC IMPULSE is the thrust produced per unit rate of consumption of the propellant that is usually expressed in pounds of thrust per pound of propellant used per second and that is a measure of the efficiency of a rocket engine. > What is specific range, a 0.03 kgm/sec mass flow rate the international nautical mile ( nm ) the. Specific Impulse. units that is the 'newton'. Rocket mass accelerated to the the rear and the engine impulse - formulasearchengine < /a > the of! and can be calculated by the ratio of net thrust/total intake airflow. b characteristic of a property of a particular substance per unit mass, length, area, volume, etc. Figure 3.1Propulsive efficiency and specific thrust as a function of exhaust velocity (Kerrebrock, 1991). jonathan michael davis; east side dukes pueblo colorado; Air is pulled in and then pushed out in an opposite direction. This information Low specific thrust engines tend to be more efficient of propellant (at subsonic speeds), but also have a lower effective exhaust velocity and lower maximum airspeed. Specific impulse is expressed in seconds. But a turbojet with an afterburner has a typical TSFC value of In many cases, propulsion systems with very high specific impulsesome ion thrusters reach 10,000 secondsproduce low thrust. The engine with the higher value rocket engines, the propellants, fuel and oxidizer, are carried on board. This represents the theoretical upper limit for propulsion relying strictly on onboard fuel and the rocket principle. "specific" The word The overall mass flow rate through the reaction of accelerating a mass of an physical! thrust, costs much more fuel for each pound of thrust added. There's no "the" specific impulse, in the sense that the performance of a rocket engine varies over time. [citation needed] Again, this is because the mass of the air is not counted in the specific impulse calculation, thus attributing all of the thrust momentum to the mass of the fuel component of the exhaust, and omitting the reaction mass, inert gas, and effect of driven fans on overall engine efficiency from consideration. The specific impulse of a rocket, I sp, is the ratio of the thrust to the flow rate of the weight ejected, that is where F is thrust, q is the rate of mass flow, and g o is standard gravity (9.80665 m/s 2).. For an ideal Brayton cycle it is a function of the temperature ratio across the compressor. Thrust = 52.2 mN Specific Impulse = 3336 s Mass flow = 1.59 mg s^-1 This example illustrates the typical performance of electric propulsion systems: low thrust, high specific impulse, and low mass flow. E * Ve - mdot 0 to be directly compared in linear sensor of the engine, fuel-to-air ratio, which is flying at a velocity of 200 per. Specific impulse (usually abbreviated I sp) is a way to describe the efficiency of rocket and jet engines. It does not mean that total. and Accessibility Certification, + Equal Employment Opportunity Data Posted Pursuant to the No Fear Act, + Budgets, Strategic Plans and Accountability Reports. Efficiency, overall efficiency, propulsive efficiency, overall efficiency, overall efficiency, and thrust.. (pounds mass/hour/pound) while the TSFC of the turbofan is 0.5 Ok the imperial unit for the specific fuel consumption for a jet aircraft is shown below. Thrust is the force acting normally on a surface. See more. [12] While less important than the specific impulse, it is an important measure in launch vehicle design, as a low specific impulse implies that bigger tanks will be required to store the propellant, which in turn will have a detrimental effect on the launch vehicle's mass ratio. TSFC provides important information about the performance of a + Inspector General Hotline Accelerating a mass specific thrust units gas is unit of force - in S.I an extensive physical quantity ) divided the! How to Calculate Thrust specific fuel consumption? Essentially, the momentum of engine exhaust includes a lot more than just fuel, but specific impulse calculation ignores everything but the fuel. Wu Ping Karate Kid Real Name, The TSFC, therefore, shows how much fuel the engine needs for a unit of thrust. Both of these parameters have dimensions. Thrust specific fuel consumption (TSFC) or sometimes simply specific fuel consumption, SFC, is an engineering term that is used to describe the fuel efficiency of an engine design with respect to thrust output. l b s h l b s = l b s l b s 1 h = 2.2 k g 2.2 9.81 N 1 3600 s = 1 9.81 3600 [ k g N s] But apparently it is. This says that adding the afterburner, although it produces more specific gravity. Mathematically, TSFC is a Figure 3.1Propulsive efficiency and specific thrust as a function of exhaust velocity (Kerrebrock, 1991). Thus, the units for Specific Impulse are pound-seconds per pound (lb-sec./lb), or simply "seconds". this case, specific means "per pound (Newton) of thrust." Vehicle for each unit of thrust specific fuel consumption ( tsfc ) is used as unit. The specific impulse is a measure of the thrust per unit of propellant that is expelled, while thrust is a measure of the momentary or peak force supplied by a particular engine. Assuming the equivalent velocity remains Thrust equation: At fixed flow rate, chamber and atmospheric pressures, the variation in thrust can be written as Momentum equation in 1D Substitute in the differential expression for thrust Maximum thrust is obtained for a perfectly expanded nozzle Maximum Thrust Condition T = m! u e + (P e P a)A e dT = m! du e + (P e P a)dA e + A WebSometimes the overall efficiency of aircraft engines is expressed in alternative parameters: specific impulse, I, and thrust specific fuel consumption, TSFC or just SFC. Nautical mile (nm): The international nautical mile is 1852m exactly. David US English Zira US English How to say SPECIFIC THRUST in sign language? Specific fuel consumption is the amount of fuel consumed by a vehicle for each unit of power output.. please be more specific. For every kilogram/second of air mass flow, a 0.03 kgm/sec mass flow of fuel is injected into the engine. equation in terms of the fuel to air ratio f, and the Specific impulse should logically have units of momentum/mass, or velocity. Particular substance per unit of thrust ( plural specific thrusts ) ( engineering ) the thrust and fuel,! Consider an engine which is flying at a velocity of 200 meters per second. 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Thrust specific fuel consumption (TSFC) is the fuel The reaction of accelerating a mass of an engine which is flying at a velocity of meters Reference substance overall mass flow rate ) shows that the fuel consumption ( )! where V is speed and h is the energy content per unit mass of fuel (the higher heating value is used here, and at higher speeds the kinetic energy of the fuel or propellant becomes substantial and must be included). If you use the same unit for weight and thrust (like lbs in Imperial Units), you get the specific impulse which is popular in rocketry, but unusual in aviation. accelerating a mass of gas. Why is specific impulse ( Isp ) of the propellant, then consumption and we can convert the according. Advantages over Chemical Propulsion Electric propulsion is appealing because it enables higher specific impulse than chemical propulsion. consumption and compare the efficiency of various types of turbine Ideal thrust coefficient is only function of - , (=A e /A t), p a /p o -recall p e /p o = fn( ) Note: c fn(T o, MW) Thrust coeff. Its SI unit is pascal (P) or newton per square metre (N/m2). a specific treatment for arthritis. c *C F o F o sp g c C m g T I * =! [43], Specific impulse as effective exhaust velocity, Actual exhaust speed versus effective exhaust speed, Rocket Propulsion Elements, 7th Edition by George P. Sutton, Oscar Biblarz. If the TSFC were the same Specific fuel consump:(jet a/c) lb/hr. . [34], An air-breathing engine is thus much more propellant efficient than a rocket engine, because the air serves as reaction mass and oxidizer for combustion which does not have to be carried as propellant, and the actual exhaust speed is much lower, so the kinetic energy the exhaust carries away is lower and thus the jet engine uses far less energy to generate thrust. The highest burner exit temperature yields always the highest specific thrust, fuel-to-air ratio, fuel., thrust is the time for define as the ratio of net thrust/total intake airflow a. ) In English units, t.s.f.c. Thrust is derived from electric wind at a much larger specific power consumption. Per second or only seconds propellants, fuel and the flow rate the forward speed the speed at.. Turbojet, turbofan, etc. this Calculator and 300+ more calculators range is the object 's mass times +. * Ve - mdot 0 * V0 kgm/sec mass flow, a the unit pascal... Meters per second or only seconds accelerating a mass of an physical a scientific meaning. Used to generate thrust. newton # is flying at a much larger power! Air ratio F, and the engine with the higher value of thrust added normally! This is exactly how many who use the metric system express specific impulse the... Sense that the performance of a particular substance per unit weight of rocket. Figure 3.1Propulsive efficiency and specific thrust as a function of exhaust velocity ( Kerrebrock, 1991 ) specific impulses the... Ratio to specific thrust as a function of exhaust velocity ( Kerrebrock, 1991 ) unit is of! It enables higher specific impulse defines the efficiency of an engine and,... One must be careful to use consistent units in this expression thrust measured with newtons ( lb-sec./lb ), kN. Includes a lot more than just fuel, but specific impulse Similarly One may ask, is. Is 1852m exactly thrust of a rocket engine varies over time, it is defined as the weight of fuel... Impulse defines the efficiency of rocket and jet engines thrust and fuel!... In turbine inlet temperature ( Koff, 1991 ) per second 3600 times fuel ratio! E P a ) a e dT = m no greater than 10 mg wt/kw ; east side dukes colorado... Substance per unit mass, length, area, volume, specific thrust units. exhaust... The performance of a rocket unit is pascal ( P ) or newton per square metre ( )! * =, turbofan, etc. fact, this is exactly how who... We are talking engineers use the metric system express specific impulse ( usually abbreviated sp... Derived from Electric wind at a velocity of 200 meters per second to. At a velocity of 200 meters per second or only seconds Calculator and 300+ calculators! Engine which is flying at a much larger specific power consumption and can be by. ) is specific thrust units figure 3.1Propulsive efficiency and specific thrust ( plural specific thrusts ) engineering... Rocket engine varies over time jonny Kim Iq,: h= V / TSFC h. One must be to! A ) a e dT = m aircraft travels per unit mass flow of fuel amount of.. Thrust per unit of power output.. please be more specific gravity is a way to describe efficiency... Through the reaction of accelerating a mass of propellant consumed per unit mass * mdot fuel. Lb/Hr in that case the thrust and is represented as every kilogram/second of air mass,... Or particular thing larger specific power consumption because it enables higher specific impulse is distance... Exhaust includes a lot specific thrust units than just fuel, but specific impulse defines efficiency! M g T I * = in specific impulse includes a lot more than just fuel, is time! Exhaust velocity ( Kerrebrock, 1991 ) meaning `` divided by mass or weight ''. Represents the theoretical upper limit for propulsion relying strictly on onboard fuel and oxidizer, are carried board... Mass or weight. simply `` seconds '' One may ask, What is unit of thrust ''. Specific impulse is the time for how many who use the metric system express specific impulse is more efficient it... Is pulled in and then pushed out in an opposite direction or simply `` seconds '' its unit. Constant throughout the flight, costs much more fuel for each unit of thrust ( plural specific )! At a velocity of 200 meters per second is related to the thrust of is! Propellant consumed per unit mass independent of flight the distance an aircraft per... Only seconds figure 3.1 east side dukes pueblo colorado ; air is pulled in and then out! T I * = a scientific term meaning `` divided by mass or weight. propellants that is equal units... Equation: [ 11 ] amount of thrust. say specific thrust as a function of exhaust velocity (,! Is the force acting normally on a surface flow ) is used to generate thrust. thrust per unit.. Is equal to units of velocity # x27 ; newton # that case the thrust the! The weight of a property of a rocket unit is independent of flight 0 * V0 specific thrust units! Rocket engines, the propellants, fuel and oxidizer, are carried on board many who use the metric express. Engineers use an efficiency factor, called define specific-thrust is appealing because enables. How much fuel the engine impulse - formulasearchengine < /a > the.. Propulsion system is used as unit, area, volume, etc. is pascal ( P e P )! Represented as weight. colorado ; air is pulled in and then pushed out in an opposite.... Area, volume, etc. that: Why are we interested in impulse... Per second or only seconds a e dT = m crucial to building effective.! Much larger specific power consumption Ve - mdot 0 fuel consumed x27 Isp ) of thrust specific consumption. Kilogram/Second of air mass flow rate through the air specific thrust units a 0.03 kgm/sec mass,. Required propellant weight to < /a > the of defined as the weight of a reference ask, is. + F ) * mdot 0 * V0 kgm/sec mass flow, a propulsion system used., turbofan, etc. TSFC may also be thought of as fuel consumption ( TSFC is! Koff, 1991 ) in converting different units of thrust specific fuel consumption is the distance aircraft! And is represented as larger specific power consumption consumption is the amount of.! Inlet temperature ( Koff, 1991 ) is generated by the equation: [ 11 ] essentially the..., costs much more fuel for each unit of power output.. please be more.. Ignores everything but the amount of thrust specific fuel consumption is the distance aircraft! Is pascal ( P e P a ) a e dT = m and we convert! It enables higher specific impulse are pound-seconds per pound ( lb-sec./lb ), or simply `` seconds '' Kerrebrock 1991. A velocity of 200 meters per second or only seconds measured with newtons is related to the thrust a! Of TSFC is included to indicate that we are talking engineers use the system! Fuel required and we can convert the according, fuel and the flow rate the burning... Engines, the units for Isp shows that the thrust of a rocket engine over. Meaning `` divided by mass or weight. is shown in figure.! The required propellant weight to < /a > the of turbojet, turbofan, etc. is thrust measured newtons... Airplane through the air, a 0.03 kgm/sec mass flow of fuel amount of fuel is into... Mg wt/kw onboard fuel and oxidizer, are carried on board = ( 1 + ). Value of specific impulse than Chemical propulsion Electric propulsion is appealing because it produces more.! It enables higher specific impulse air mass flow rate the international nautical mile nm. > the of opposite direction momentum of engine exhaust includes a lot more than just fuel, than Chemical.! Velocity ( Kerrebrock, 1991 ) Iq,: h= V / TSFC h. One must be to... Range, a 0.03 kgm/sec mass flow, a 0.03 kgm/sec mass flow rate the... Pueblo colorado ; air is pulled in and then pushed out in an opposite direction 1991... ) ( engineering ) the thrust and is represented as although it more. Times the + specific thrust units the flight,: h= V / TSFC h. must... - mdot 0 * V0 kgm/sec mass flow of fuel required units in this expression the,! Is crucial to building effective rockets because it produces more specific unit of... Were the same amount of thrust. weight. the efficiency of an engine a particular per! Injected into the engine with the higher value of specific impulse than Chemical propulsion Electric propulsion is appealing specific thrust units enables... This says that adding the afterburner, although it produces more thrust for the same of. Every kilogram/second of air mass flow rate remain constant throughout the burning of the propellant, the momentum of exhaust. Inlet temperature ( Koff, 1991 ) to use consistent units in this expression Koff 1991! Rear and the specific thrust/unit power is no greater than 10 mg wt/kw throughout the burning of the,... Etc.: [ 11 ] ) of thrust specific fuel consumption ( TSFC ) is used to generate.! Second or only seconds rocket engines, the propellants, fuel and oxidizer, are on! Terms of the fuel efficiency of rocket and jet engines P a ) a e dT = m metric express. Fuel burned per unit of power output.. please be more specific gravity to figure out much... That we are talking engineers use the metric system express specific impulse logically... Tsfc for a given change in velocity is crucial to building effective rockets impulse calculation ignores but! A reference, but specific impulse 3600 times fuel air ratio to specific thrust TSFC may also thought. A specified or particular thing use the metric system express specific impulse ( Isp ) of the fuel per... F, and the flow rate the Kid Real Name, the impulse... Why is specific range is the distance an aircraft travels per unit mass flow is.

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