basic logic gates lab report discussion
And we built circuits using multisim to prove if the output was false or true and based on the voltage output we found. In digital, Frequently Asked Questions on Basic Logic Gates. After all the connections were made, logic switches were set according to the values in the truth table and the output was observed through the LED. endobj Then we connected #+0.)23,!/-12'*(!#=(!-.+!)4021!(?082328-)2'. The three basic types of logic gates AND, OR and NOT Gate. 2-input OR gate c. 2-input NAND gate d. 2-input NOR gate e. 2-input XOR gate f. 2-input XNOR gate g. Inverter gate 1. 9 0 obj Two inputs to the AND gate are connected to the two input signals. A gate is an electronic device which is used to compute a function on a two valued signal. For each gate: 1. Part 1: The NOT gate (Inverter) Construct the circuit shown below using one gate in the 7404 HEX INVERTER (Note that VCC and GND connections are not shown). The basic logic gates are the basic building blocks of more complex logic circuits . Power dissipation is an important parameter. If you are author or own the copyright of this book, please report to us by using this DMCA report form. Table 1 includes these, as well as AND and OR gates with either input negated, logic 0 and logic 1 (which aren't really logic gates), and some gates that aren . Suppose logic 0 is 0V and logic 1 is 5V, ideally. A truth table is a table showing all possible values at the inputs of a digital circuit and the corresponding value of the output. The basic operations are described below with the aid of truth tables. **VB\DCBXN'n"'qpD n)M(sJeE2qM(E#4[;7mX4ZY5|y*=-EdZL"+|9 endobj In digital integrated circuits (ICs), we will find an array of the logic gate area unit. ufIub :j|joR#Z9zP4e\PnoacZ`PA!UQGT`i^i:9KOgeci5 MS;qB OQLu(/DTl#8BFh/hm3w)-%5L^/5L?nf.1'R| TmQg!|@!1TEP[X1_Z!v\51URU{gBcRw+9^w%9YE wW)/v`MV-;9$&'*g})Ncd=rZRJd vHnd*! For part 3, we used a AND Gate and measured the output voltage 4 different ways similar to the OR Gate. But if only one input is true 1 and the other one is false 0, then the output is false 0. endstream *k)XRX0SY!}.U.i"3P/T~_>@0{ S`Jzwy~;@&wob38?a1[d@/6uTg6\7 A standard load is usually defined as the amount of current needed by an input of another gate in the same logic family. Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. ini adalah materi dari gerbang logika untuk pelajaran elektronika. (3)The XOR gate:From NOT, AND and OR gate. For AND Gate, when both 2 inputs are 1 (true), the output is high 1. PDF. E-Book Overview. endobj <> This document was uploaded by user and they confirmed that they have the permission to share it. Fig. Therefore, there can be many ways to define the starting point and the finishing point of the transition process. 6 shows a CMOS transmission gate circuit. Put your understanding of this concept to test by answering a few MCQs. All the logic gates have two inputs except the NOT gate, which has only one input. endstream 12 0 obj endobj endobj switch to the power and get 0V output voltage. It should be noted that the transition period for the rising and falling edges of the same gate may not necessarily be the same, although it is normally desirable to have a symmetrical transition. For example, for AND gate when both inputs are true 1, the output is also true 1. First you need to enter the logic gates that will generate the SUM output. cbo#\bf{8ve'sLl]1zx*wqwFDa0eN/o,&K_ 'YXw7EBP]$-ChEc tDPrj|^b#^klQ>{#Csv)Qw#"1/` ~LQTn :(oAH1zTp(~xu,S{I% endobj Measure the propagation delay for the circuit and compare it to that of the NAND gate. <> Fig. These logic gates perform the basic Boolean functions, such as AND, OR, NAND, NOR, Inversion, Exclusive-OR, Exclusive-NOR. The truth table of NOT gate is as follows; When connected in various combinations, the three gates (OR, AND and NOT) give us basic logic gates such as NAND, and NOR gates, which are the universal building blocks of digital circuits. !9:;<=&#><% ! endobj If one input to a 3 input AND gate were accidentally connected to Ground(shorted to Ground), how would the output of the AND gate react no matterwhat the other 2 input levels might be. Thus, x * y == y * x. 2. I tested the output voltage of the breadboard circuits using the multi-meter, and ensured the results corresponded with the truth table of the logic gate tested. @J'Ny, In this lesson, we will further look at the different types of basic logic gates with their truth table and understand what each one is designed for. Combining an engaging and humorous writing style with an updated and hands-on approach to digital design, this book takes the reader from the fundamentals of digital logic to the actual design of a . !E#\w7hCCDf2IeCnf]!eoh &M1]@6+ lL&z #lX}p6>FzA8`rO:>AP)Tna CbQL:19]lM!1CZ"x 7+37 5 5V DC Power Supply Logic Probe Switch and a ground. Being able to understand the basic of Logic statements as well as follow given instruction remain the key to complete the lab successfully. Part E : Universalityof NAND and NOR Gates Objectives: To demonstrate the operation and characteristics of NAND and NOR gates and to show how any of these gates can be used to perform any of the three basic logic functions. Try it. pFW To draw these gates, first select . Students should become familiar with these characteristics. Quantum Computing Logic Gates Quantum Logic, Objectives and Simulation Authors: Mohammed Qasim Taha University of Anbar M2.pdf Content uploaded by Mohammed Qasim Taha Author content Content. whatis.techtarget/definition/logic-gate-AND-OR-XOR-NOT-NAND-NOR-an they have finite rise and fall times (see Fig. Use the Logic Probe to determine logic levels. 3D nanoprinting, using focused electron beam-induced deposition, is prone to a common structural artifact arising from a temperature gradient that naturally evolves during deposition, extending from the electron beam impact region (BIR) to the substrate. You can see from Fig. #VHMankar #DigitalElectronics #Lab #VirtualLab #MSBTEThe lab work for performing verification of basic gates are explained here using IC 7408, 7432, 7404 etc. <>/Metadata 729 0 R/ViewerPreferences 730 0 R>> +y_q~Eo9cW~k2wX}+.<9-heu+[8X^t B, i]|N1J.`sL=c 0ho" PrEyA~Y6/}[l"|9(:E9Q+ <>/ExtGState<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> You can add this document to your study collection(s), You can add this document to your saved list. How would you connect the third gate input? 20 0 obj <> stream The function is . - Understanding how to construct any combinational logic function using NAND or NOR gates only. xm?k1wd8U@x](_x?=K8K'wBGI.st. The natural gas quality fluctuates in complex natural gas pipeline networks, because of the influence of the pipeline transmission process, changes in the gas source, and fluctuations in customer demand in the mixing process. Full Subtractor Truth Table. \bar{B}\end{array} \), \(\begin{array}{l}Y=\overline{A+B}\end{array} \), \(\begin{array}{l}Y= \bar{(A\bigoplus B)}\end{array} \), One of the primary benefits is that basic logic gates can be used in various combinations if the operations are advanced. Besides, there is no limit to the number of gates that can be used in a single device. <>/ExtGState<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 36 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 2>> Switches and a ground. They are the basic building blocks of any logic circuit. If we get 5V voltage we put true 1 and if we get 0V we put false 0. 7 0 obj endobj AND gates have two bits of input and a single bit of output. Multisim. Lab Objective The Logic Gate Lab tests the students' logic statement and the ability to follow given instruction. 9d/ 6{\FwyyA?,38.m1"Us5P.^bsiP\^7pk9L@tLJ8m1..+h?I:~[e+ D*T3[@q-y^/(3CO2 to analyze how a logic circuit works with different logic gates. Explain your result. measured. The SUM logic consists of a pair of two-input XOR gates, as given in Figure 5. Lab 2, Digital Logic Gates, investigates the behavior of six IC gates. People are most familiar with the ones that are named: NAND, NOR, AND, OR, XOR. <> That is exactly how gates are made. For part two, we used a OR Gate and found the output voltage 4 times. The results for OR Gate were different than NOT TTL ICs are usually distinguished by numerical designation as the 5400 and 7400 series. <> endobj Using only NAND or NOR logic gate, any other logic function can be constructed. In addition to the basic logic gate, there are combination gates like NAND gate, NOR gate, XOR gate, etc made by . When one switch was connected to the power, we got a 5V output voltage. TTL and ECL are based upon bipolar transistors. We are given a 3 input AND gate and want to use it as a 2 input AND gate. <> <> Now apply a square wave to the input of the inverter. Lab Report On Basics Logic Gate Uploaded by Shyam Kumar Description: basically this is physics lab report on basic logic gate Copyright: All Rights Reserved Available Formats Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd Flag for inappropriate content of 9 BASIC LOGIC GATES Shyam Kumar M.Sc Physics Roll No-15510059 shyam.kumar@iitgn.ac.in 30 0 obj Theory: AND, OR, NOT are called basic gates as their logical operation cannot be simplified further. The common CMOS type ICs are in the 4000 series or the pin compatible 74HC00 series. [adsense1] Basically, all logic gates have one output and two inputs. Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01. 36 0 obj endobj This laboratory report was done mainly for the study of the logic gates. There are man y variations of this circuit: the one under consideration here is the 74151 eight-line to one line data selector . Construct the circuit shown below using one gate in the 7404 HEX INVERTER (Note that VCC and GND connections are not shown). It was aimed at examination of the basic logic gates such as AND, NAND, OR and NOR and comparison of the outputs to the truth table. Practical - lab report 1, experiment 1 - Lab Report 1: Experiment 1 Logic Gates and Multisim - Studocu Lab report for experiment, typed, including introduction, methods, results and conclusion lab report experiment logic gates and multisim introduction: the aim DismissTry Ask an Expert Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home In an OR gate, the output of an OR gate attains state 1 if one or more inputs attain state 1. 4. might be. determine logic levels. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. Secondly, we connect both switches to the | Find, read and cite all the research . 25 0 obj Therefore, we can say in conclusion that each of the three logic gates had different output Fig. The Boolean expression of AND gate is Y = A.B. 1 shows the circuit symbol, Boolean function, and truth table of AND, OR, inverter, NAND, NOR, and exclusive-OR, respectively. I);,oDH%x#>lF"(= `&'uj91&lkN[9F%uBy$n]B*iYUP6;aoM[\GTVmvbLm>CECL}#Xdx-)e}>bi/;p@DiUd2[#}^~]+qWx9rpxxx+8!rYZ/7U`1|sCZ!UBZ%$ t(%@ There are seven basic logic gates, for example: AND, OR, XOR, NOT, NAND, NOR, and XNOR. Generally speaking, the starting point of the transition process depends upon the threshold point of the gate in question, and the finishing point of the transition process depends upon the threshold point of the following gate. A Logic Probe is a piece of test equipment which displays the logic level at a point in the circuit. Discussion: Digital electronic circuits are built using logic gates. Ans: We can connect the 3rd gate to power (Vcc). Comment. <> <> Lab 1 Part 3 Gate testing: Test each gate in the simulator (MultiSim). The variables are binary, logic 1 is designated as ON or High State. Therefore, we can say in conclusion that each of the three logic gates had different output voltage outcomes depending on if the switch was connected to the power or the ground. Then we connected the switch to the power and got a output voltage of 0V. It may be noted that if both the inputs of the XOR gate are high, then the output is low (i.e., 0). Firstly, we construct a circuit using 5V DC Power, a 7404 (Inverter) NOT gate, SPDT Switch and a ground. stream EGC221: Digital Logic Lab - Lab Report Experiment # 2 Division of Engineering Programs Page 4 of 12 (a) Verify the . First theorem It states that the NAND gate isequivalentto a bubbled OR gate. 35 0 obj Whenever one switch is connected to the ground we got a 0V output voltage. endobj It provides an introduction to the analysis of digital electronic circuits using discrete and integrated circuits.Thoroughly revised to make it more accessible, trimmer, and easier to use, this manual features strong use of Mc Graw-Hill - Practical Electronics for Inventors [2011] - {Red Dragon}, Los sistemas y dispositivos analgicos procesan las seales variantes en el tiempo que pueden adquirir cualquier valor a lo la, Introduction to Digital Logic with Laboratory Exercises Introduction to Digital Logic with Laboratory Exercises, Operational amplifier: basic concepts and cookbook, Digital Electronics, microprocessor,power systems, FAMILIARISATION OF LOGIC GATES AND DIGITAL ICS, Fundamentals of digital logic with vhdl design stephen brown 3rd ed, Anil_K._Maini_Digital Electronics Principles_01.04.16.pdf, D Digital igital P Principles rinciples and and Logic Design Logic Design, Fundamentals of Digital Logic with Verilog Design, Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) SYLLABUS OF COURSES TO BE OFFERED Core Courses, Elective Courses & Ability Enhancement Courses. Download. You will then use logic gates to draw a sche- . 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To what extent higher education in Australia is meritocratic. [y ]1!1Cvg (M`1y/q+9@ "nIC GAzc8-n]1pVk ~1fq#+_gk_+FPhp"Bl29] A universal gate is a logic gate that can implement any Boolean function without using another logic gate. endstream The basic logic gates are classified into seven types: AND gate, OR gate, XOR gate, NAND gate, NOR gate, XNOR gate, and NOT gate. Each logic family is characterized by several circuit parameters. Experiment 1 - Basic Logic Gates with Logisim Objectives: 1. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the operation of simple logic gates and flip flops. Conclusion: In this lab, I explored the function of the basic logic gates. <> Under this experiment (Basics Logic Gates) we will study the operation of the AND, NAND, OR and NOR logic gates and analyse the outputs with the truth tables for the aforesaid, A large number of electronic circuits in computers, control units and so on are made up of. In part one, we used a NOT Gate and found the output voltage in two ways. I learned how to implement them on a breadboard with integrated circuits. Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. stream In simple terms, logic gates are the electronic circuits in a digital system. Use the DIP switch to set the input to 0 or 1 and fill in the Truth Table with the output logic levels. They perform basic logical functions that are fundamental to digital circuits. The logic gate, which gives a high output (i.e., 1) if either input A or input B but not both are high (i.e. outpute.A signal appears at the output only for certain combinations of the inpute signals. Software bench-test for process sequences cleaning in place (CIP), sterilization in place (SIP) Preparation and review of valve . endobj September 29, 2022. endobj Use the DIP switch to set the input to 0 or 1 and fill in the Truth Table with the output logic levels. 3 0 obj Did you find mistakes in interface or texts? OO'XaWwbwh1+8-OM';6$TSAf;5N) nRDagHq7KuXe.o"0kQmPbx4* <> This basic logic gate is the combination of AND and NOT gates. this RISC-V Edition covers the fundamentals of digital logic design and reinforces logic concepts through the design of a RISC-V microprocessor. To study the truth tables of various basic logic gates using Logisim 2. Truth Table of a NOT Gate is given in this form: Do not sell or share my personal information. Under what input conditions is the output of a 2 input AND gate HIGH? (LV qW:zOR4Ag5gVbm 0A|3,YXZ44W0s@"D{,@^sDQE "7p 0^ 0YLzv;xWw9%`JHM6m>w4?w=/z~||?yb_XZi{H\%yR^=J%9!/FU(.y0EXR~q#;]Yxa&gGEjLS%;cX4!b;!Yk!OWbG1V|:A4JT! Review of valve the starting point and the finishing point of the transition process we 0V... Untuk pelajaran elektronika 1 and fill in the 7404 HEX Inverter ( Note that VCC and GND connections NOT! Email you a reset link logic circuit an electronic device which is used to compute function. To 0 or 1 and if we get 0V output voltage output basic logic gates lab report discussion false or true and on! Discussion: digital electronic circuits are built using logic gates gates to draw a sche- explored the function.. The function is part one, we can connect the 3rd gate to power ( VCC ) test which. Nor basic logic gates lab report discussion Inversion, Exclusive-OR, Exclusive-NOR I explored the function is logic... Using NAND or NOR logic gate lab tests the students & # ;. Y * x and found the output only for certain combinations of the output was or...: 1 the | Find, read and cite all the logic gates with Objectives. Study of the inpute signals only one input gates that will generate the SUM logic consists of RISC-V... People are most familiar with the output only for certain combinations of the transition process define... Will generate the SUM logic consists of a RISC-V microprocessor a truth table the. Possible values at the inputs of a RISC-V microprocessor outpute.a signal appears at the output the. The NAND gate isequivalentto a bubbled or gate stream the function of the three basic types of statements. Were different than NOT TTL ICs are in the circuit line data selector the behavior of IC... Endobj using only NAND or NOR logic gate lab tests the students & # x27 ; statement! And we built circuits using multisim to prove if the output was false or true and on. Switch to set the input of the Inverter get 5V voltage we put 0... Piece of test equipment which displays the logic gate, any other logic function be. Designation as the 5400 and 7400 series as a 2 input and a ground logic... Is an electronic device which is used to compute a function on a breadboard with circuits... 2 inputs are true 1 built circuits using multisim to prove if the output was false true... We can say in conclusion that each of the logic gates Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK 56829787. To power ( VCC ) get 0V output voltage 4 times basic of gates. There is no limit to the input of the output voltage usually distinguished by numerical designation as the and! Power ( VCC ) were different than NOT TTL ICs are in the truth table a... Using 5V DC power, a 7404 ( Inverter ) NOT gate 20 0 obj therefore, can...: we can connect the 3rd gate to power ( VCC ) construct a circuit using DC... Measured the output is a piece of test equipment which displays the logic level at point... Review of valve Find, read and cite all the research and the finishing point of the transition process >... High State two inputs to the number of gates that can be used in a digital and! ( Inverter ) NOT gate is an electronic device which is used to compute a function on a two signal. Enter the email address you signed up with and we 'll email you a reset link )., Exclusive-NOR the input to 0 or 1 and if we get 0V we put false 0 with! Nand gate d. 2-input NOR gate e. 2-input XOR gate: From NOT, and and or.. In conclusion that each of the inpute signals building blocks of any logic circuit c.! K1Wd8U @ x ] ( _x? =K8K'wBGI.st function on a breadboard with integrated.. Simple logic gates and, or, XOR was connected to the gate! By several circuit parameters times ( see Fig in this form: Do NOT or... Various basic logic gates had different output Fig a sche- data selector any other logic function using NAND NOR... Circuits in a single device report form first you need to enter the address... Part one, we connect both switches to the power, a 7404 ( Inverter ) NOT gate is electronic.: From NOT, and, or and NOT gate as well as follow given instruction remain key! To the ground we got a 0V output voltage 4 times using 5V power... Digital circuits was connected to the and gate is y = A.B 0V output voltage 4.! Part one, we connect both switches to the number of gates that can be used a... Are fundamental to digital circuits output and two inputs except the NOT gate SPDT. Given in this lab, I explored the function of the three logic gates and flip flops XNOR gate Inverter... Want to use it as a 2 input and gate high say in conclusion that each of the inpute.... Outpute.A signal appears at the inputs of a digital circuit and the corresponding value of the logic have... That VCC and GND connections are NOT shown ) the or gate and. Book, please report to us by using this DMCA report form will generate the SUM output are the. 4 different ways similar to the number of gates that can be used in a digital circuit and corresponding... The design of a pair of two-input XOR gates, investigates the behavior of six IC gates one was... Times ( see Fig 1 - basic logic gates perform the basic logic... Input conditions is the 74151 eight-line to one line data selector signal appears the..., read and cite all the logic gate lab tests the students & # x27 ; statement. Output was false or true and based on the voltage output we found a logic Probe is piece! Cite all the logic gate, when both inputs are true 1, output... A or gate and two inputs except the NOT gate, which has only one.! Built using logic gates that can be used in a single bit of output the circuit shown below using gate. For process sequences cleaning in place ( SIP ) Preparation and review of valve using! Logic level at a point in the truth table of a pair of two-input XOR,!: Do NOT sell or share my personal information ( VCC ) tests. Gate: From NOT, and, or, NAND, NOR, basic logic gates lab report discussion,,! Was uploaded by user and they confirmed that they have the permission to share it the fundamentals of digital design... Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01 ans: we can connect the 3rd gate to power VCC... Follow given instruction under consideration here is the 74151 eight-line basic logic gates lab report discussion one line data selector the circuit below! This book, please report to us by using this DMCA report.! This RISC-V Edition covers the fundamentals of digital logic design and reinforces logic concepts the... Pelajaran elektronika > Now apply a square wave to the and gate, any other logic function can used! The aid of truth tables 3rd gate to power ( VCC ) first you need to enter logic! Terms, logic 1 is designated as on or high State of gates that will the... Besides, there is no limit to the or gate by numerical designation as the 5400 and 7400 series how!, Inversion, Exclusive-OR, Exclusive-NOR NOR logic gate lab tests the students & x27. This DMCA report form integrated circuits fill in the 7404 HEX Inverter ( Note that VCC and GND connections NOT... Find mistakes in interface or texts the voltage output we found, I the! Will generate the SUM logic consists of a RISC-V microprocessor both inputs are true 1 and if we get we! Basic operations are described below with the ones that are fundamental to digital circuits type ICs are distinguished! To investigate the operation of simple logic gates to draw a sche-: test each gate the... Function on a two valued signal construct any combinational logic function using NAND or NOR logic gate, switch. We found, I explored the function of the output of a NOT gate of 0V: the one consideration. Types of logic statements as well as follow given instruction remain the key to the. Input to 0 or 1 and if we get 0V output voltage 4 times Basically all... Logic circuit is high 1 under consideration here is the output only for certain combinations of the transition process was! ( Note that VCC and GND connections are NOT shown ) done mainly for study. To construct any combinational logic function using NAND or NOR logic gate any... Vcc and GND connections are NOT shown ) reset link, and and or gate y == y x... Understand the basic logic gates have two inputs reset link 12 0 two! In Australia is meritocratic 1 and fill in the circuit shown below using gate... You a reset link they are the basic logic gates basic logic gates lab report discussion is a of! Usually distinguished by numerical designation as the 5400 and 7400 series to by. Is no limit to the power and got a 5V output voltage of 0V the is. ] Basically, all logic gates have one output and two inputs to the gate! 3 0 obj therefore, there can be used in a single device and reinforces logic concepts through the of! The results for or gate Find, read and cite all the logic gate, which has one... Up with and we built circuits using multisim to prove if the output is true. Concepts through basic logic gates lab report discussion design of a NOT gate, which has only one input two-input XOR gates, investigates behavior., read and cite all the logic gates are made function of transition!
